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              <text>Sir Robin Butler (Secretary to the Cabinet)</text>
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              <text>There is a hand-drawn checkmark at the top of p. 1 and there have been emendations to draft parliamentary statement. These were presumably the work of John Major.</text>
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              <text>&lt;p class="page-number" style="text-align:left;"&gt;Page 1&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;span class="page"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:center;"&gt;CONFIDENTIAL&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Ref. A092/340&lt;br /&gt;PRIME MINISTER&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:center;"&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration:underline;"&gt;Cabinet 6 February 1992&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:center;"&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration:underline;"&gt;40th Anniversary of The Queen's Accession to the Throne&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;You will wish to remind the Cabinet that 6 February 1992 is the 40th anniversary of The Queen's Accession to the Throne. In inviting them to send Her Majesty their good wishes on this occasion you may wish to draw on the following points:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;2.  The Queen has indicated that this should be regarded as an ordinary anniversary and not a Jubilee. She has not, therefore, sought to promote extensive public celebrations nor encouraged the Government to organise any State occasion.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;3.  Nevertheless, the 40th anniversary is a special event which the Government and Parliament should mark in an appropriate way. (Soundings indicate that a Humble Address would not be favoured by the Palace.)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;4.  You therefore intend to send Her Majesty the Cabinet's warmest good wishes, and to refer to this at Prime Minister's Questions on 6 February in the following terms:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;"At the Cabinet meeting today Her Majesty's Ministers agreed that I should convey to Her Majesty our warmest good wishes on the occasion of the 40th anniversary of Her Accession to the Throne. This was in recognition of the incomparable contribution Her Majesty has made to the life of our nation throughout Her reign[".] &lt;span style="text-decoration:line-through;"&gt;I know that the House and millions of our fellow citizens will share these sentiments.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:center;"&gt;CONFIDENTIAL&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;!-- Divider --&gt;
&lt;div style="border-top:2px solid #000;margin:2em 0;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p class="page-number" style="text-align:left;"&gt;Page 2&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;span class="page"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:center;"&gt;CONFIDENTIAL&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Leader of the Opposition, Mr Ashdown and the Speaker have been forewarned of the proposal.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:right;"&gt;(Sgd.) &lt;em&gt;F. E. R. B.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;ROBIN BUTLER&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration:underline;"&gt;5 February 1992&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;CONFIDENTIAL&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;Mr. Secretary Akers-Douglas with his humble duty begs leave to enclose a Memorandum which he has prepared at Your Majesty’s desire on the Royal Prerogative of Mercy—or rather on the constitutional practice as to the exercise of the prerogative.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Mr. Douglas thinks it is most important that the practice of the last 80 years at any rate, should not be departed from. He would particularly emphasize the three following points.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;There are from 5000 to 6000 petitions every year against convictions and sentences. If Your Majesty is to deal personally with any of them, you ought to deal personally with all. It would be invidious to pick and choose.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;If Your Majesty is to deal with death sentences your attention must be available at all times from sentence to final decision. The practice of the S[ecretary] of S[tate] is to deal not only on the evidence at the trial: but on evidence which accumulates until the last moment.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The power of reprieve involves the power, and duty to refuse to reprieve. This latter power is sometimes bitterly attacked, and public opinion is lashed up by an unscrupulous partisan press. For instance the Radical Press took up Lipski’s case—in Mr. Secretary Matthews’s time—and if my memory serves me Mr. Stead in one of his papers said, ‘So an innocent man is to be sent to the gallows to gratify the wounded vanity of the Home Secretary.’ Such cases may always arise from time to time—and it must be borne in mind that ‘yellow journalism’ is on the increase. It would be intolerable that Your Majesty’s name should be dragged into the mire to serve the temporary purposes of some wretched newspaper.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Again suppose a man of good position is reprieved strictly according to the traditional exercise of the prerogative (say great temptation and sudden passion) a section of the Press would not hesitate to attribute it to personal influence and raise the cry of ‘one law for the rich and another for the poor’. It is in Mr. Douglas’s opinion the Home Secretary’s duty to bear the brunt of such attacks, and to defend himself if necessary in Parliament.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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              <text>This is an example of a submission that doesn't explicitly ask the Monarch to do something, yet it arguably constitutes advice in a constitutional sense.</text>
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                <text>H. J. Hanham, ed., &lt;em&gt;The Nineteenth Century Constitution 1815-1914: Documents and Commentary &lt;/em&gt;(Cambridge University Press, 1969), 52-53.</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;THIS DOCUMENT IS THE PROPERTY OF HIS BRITANNIC MAJESTY'S GOVERNMENT.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;SECRET.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;C.P. 150 (25).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:center;"&gt;CABINET.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:center;"&gt;SUBMISSIONS TO THE KING ON BEHALF OF A MINISTER WHO HAS LEFT THE COUNTRY.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The accompanying copy of a letter from Lord Stamfordham is circulated to the Cabinet by direction of the Prime Minister.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:right;"&gt;(Signed) M. P. A. HANKEY,&lt;br /&gt;Secretary to the Cabinet.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;2, Whitehall Gardens, S.W.1.&lt;br /&gt;March 12th, 1925.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:center;"&gt;....................&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:right;"&gt;BUCKINGHAM PALACE.&lt;br /&gt;March 5th, 1925.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Dear Waterhouse,&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The King wishes the Cabinet to be informed that in the event of a Cabinet Minister leaving this country, if he is a Secretary of State all submissions to His Majesty should be made on his behalf by another Secretary of State. In the case of the Minister not being a Secretary of State, the submissions should be made by another Cabinet Minister; unless in the latter case the Under-Secretary of the Department in question is a Privy Councillor.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:right;"&gt;Yours very truly,&lt;br /&gt;(Signed) STAMFORDHAM.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Lieutenant-Colonel Sir R. Waterhouse,&lt;br /&gt;K.C.B., C.M.G., C.V.O.,&lt;br /&gt;10, Downing Street.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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              <text>&lt;!-- Pencilled note, upper right --&gt;
&lt;div style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:0.5em;"&gt;(pencil: Rep?)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Letterhead (as printed) --&gt;
&lt;div style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:0.6em;"&gt;
&lt;p&gt;BUCKINGHAM PALACE&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Date (as per original layout) --&gt;
&lt;div style="text-align:right;margin-bottom:1em;"&gt;
&lt;p&gt;3rd March, 1952.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Salutation (handwritten name within) --&gt;
&lt;p&gt;My dear &lt;em&gt;Fernau&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;!-- Body --&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I laid your letter of March 1st before The Queen this morning. Her Majesty approves the proposed procedure for “kissing hands” which you have set out.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;!-- Valediction and signature (right-aligned; printed valediction, handwritten signature) --&gt;
&lt;div style="text-align:right;margin-top:1.2em;"&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Yours sincerely,&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;(Sgd.) &lt;em&gt;A. Lascelles&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Recipient block (as printed) --&gt;
&lt;div style="margin-top:2em;"&gt;
&lt;p&gt;F. J. Fernau, Esq., T.D.,&lt;br /&gt;Privy Council Office.&lt;/p&gt;
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              <text>&lt;!-- Letterhead --&gt;
&lt;div style="text-align:left;margin-bottom:1em;"&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:right;"&gt;Privy Council Office,&lt;br /&gt;Whitehall, S.W.1.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:right;"&gt;1st March, 1952.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Salutation --&gt;
&lt;p&gt;My dear Lascelles,&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;!-- Body --&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Yesterday morning The Queen sent for me just before the Council at Clarence House and asked me to tell Her Majesty how the ceremony of kissing hands was performed and I explained the practice to The Queen.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The ceremony is of course entirely for Her Majesty’s Pleasure, but it occurs to me that The Queen might wish to determine what the procedure should be during Her Reign. I therefore make the following suggestions for consideration:—&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;When the Privy Counsellor (or Minister) who is to kiss hands kneels on the footstool The Queen should proffer Her right hand, palm downwards, with fingers lightly closed, to the person who is to kiss hands. He will extend his right hand, palm upwards, and take The Queen’s hand lightly in his and kiss it. His lips should no more than just touch Her Majesty’s hand.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Perhaps you would in due course let me know Her Majesty’s Pleasure so that when in future I rehearse new Privy Counsellors in the ceremonial of a Council I may do all I can to secure that The Queen’s wishes are followed.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;!-- Valediction --&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:right;"&gt;Yours sincerely,&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;!-- Stamp --&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:right;"&gt;(Stmp.) F. J. FERNAU&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;!-- Recipient --&gt;
&lt;div style="margin-top:2em;"&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Right Honourable&lt;br /&gt;Sir Alan Lascelles, G.C.V.O., K.C.B., C.M.G., M.C.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</text>
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&lt;div&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;(Sgd.) &lt;em&gt;Appd. ER&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;p style="text-indent:2em;"&gt;The Lord Chancellor, with his humble duty to Your Majesty, submits to Your Majesty that William Anthony Bowater Russell, has been re-elected by the City of London Lord Mayor for the ensuing year, and will present himself, according to custom, to hear from the Lord Chancellor whether Your Majesty is pleased to approve the re-appointment, and the Lord Chancellor begs leave to ask Your Majesty's pleasure therein.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;(Sgd.) &lt;em&gt;Robert Buckland&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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                <text>Undated, but William Russell was elected Lord Mayor for a second time on September 29, 2020.</text>
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